Archive for October, 2007

There are two more templates that occasionally prove (Web site domain)

Friday, October 12th, 2007

There are two more templates that occasionally prove useful. Template sconst: public static final String ${name} = “${cursor}”; Template iconst: public static final int ${name} = ${cursor}; Under Preferences > Java > Editor > Code Assist, you can make adjustments to influence the behavior of the Code Assistant (Figure 2.2). In particular, the Automatically Add Import Instead of Qualified Name option is very useful. When this option is set, you can in most cases avoid adding import statements manually, simply by using the Code Assistant. For most of the other options, the default values provided by Eclipse make sense, so you should not need to change these settings. What can be a bit annoying at times is the automatic activation of the Code Assistant after entering a period or a @ character. It could make sense to increase the delay value of this option from 500 msec to 1000 msec. 30 Chapter 2 Figure 2.2
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There is an even quicker method, however. Just (Web design company)

Friday, October 12th, 2007

There is an even quicker method, however. Just try the same thing again, but now enter only the letters sy and press Ctrl+Spacebar. From the pop-up list, select the entry sysout. (If you continue typing, the pop-up list will get smaller and smaller, because it displays only entries that match the entered string.) If you select the entry sysout with a single click, another pop-up window appears showing a code proposal for the keyword sysout. You can accept this proposal with a double click or press the Esc key to close both windows. The code proposal shown is based on a code template that is associated with the keyword sysout. These templates are defined under Preferences > Java > Editor > Templates, where you can also create your own templates. This is done similarly to defining entries for code generation (see the Templates section in Chapter 1). It is worth browsing through all these templates, because they can save you substantial typing. While many templates are named to resemble Java constructs (if, while, catch, etc.), other templates bear the names of design patterns. Take, for example, the lazy template. This template generates the following code: if (name == null) { name = new type(arguments); } return name; That is a typical pattern for the lazy assignment of a variable. What you have to do with this pattern is just replace the first occurrence of the string name with the name of your own variable, for example, with myHashMap. This automatically replaces all occurrences of name with myHashMap throughout the pattern! In addition to these Java code templates, there are predefined Javadoc templates. For example, if you enter the character @ within a Javadoc comment, a pop-up window appears showing the available Javadoc keywords. Of course, you can define your own templates. In Chapter 1 you have already modified the typecomment template. Here now is an example for a completely homegrown template. The template generates an if instruction that executes only when the equals() method in the condition is successful. In addition, it make sures that you don t get a null pointer exception. Template equals: if (${name} != null && ${name}.equals(${cursor})) { } This template contains the user-defined variable ${name}. When you apply this template, this variable will be replaced with a real field name (just as in the lazy template). In addition, the template contains the system variable ${cursor}. This variable marks the position of the cursor. When applying the template, just replace the first occurrence of name with the real field name. Then press the Tab key to jump to the predefined cursor position. There you can enter the argument for the equals() method. 29 Effective Programming with Eclipse
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Figure 2.1 shows the Call Hierarchy View after (Professional web hosting)

Thursday, October 11th, 2007

Figure 2.1 shows the Call Hierarchy View after executing the context function Open Call Hierarchy when method createToolbar() was selected. By clicking one of the hierarchy symbols in the view s toolbar, you can switch between the hierarchy of calling or of called methods. 28 Chapter 2 Figure 2.1 Automatic Code Completion The functions for automatic code completion in Eclipse are very powerful and include the source menu functions but also the Code Assistant introduced in the following section. The Code Assistant One of the most powerful utilities for writing code in Eclipse is the Code Assistant. Tedious typing and searching in Javadoc or source code can be replaced by just a few keystrokes. Try the following: In the HelloWorld example open under System.out.println(”HelloWorld”); and enter a new line. In this new line type just three characters Sys and press Ctrl+Spacebar. In the pop-up list that appears, select the class System from the Package java.lang by double-clicking it. Now enter a period. A fraction of a second later, another pop-up list appears. From this list select the field out of type PrintStream. Once again enter a period, and once again you will get a pop-up list; select the method println. The cursor is now positioned within the parentheses for the method parameters. You can now complete this method call by entering the string Hello Eclipse. All that remains to do is to type the semicolon at the very end of the expression. The new line should now look like this: System.out.println(”Hello Eclipse”); I expect you get the idea already: the Code Assistant allows you to enter long class and method names with just a few keystrokes. But what is even more important is that it saves you tedious searching and browsing in the documentation. If required, it can automatically insert the necessary import statements as well.

Web hosting reseller - Context-Sensitive Help In addition to the explicit help

Wednesday, October 10th, 2007

Context-Sensitive Help In addition to the explicit help function, you can call help within Eclipse at any time simply by pressing the F1 key provided the currently active plug-in supports this function. After pressing F1 you get a pop-up window (Infopop), where you can select a relevant help topic and jump directly to it. In this context the Show in Table of Contents button in the help system (the second button to the left of the printer symbol) is useful. It synchronizes the table of contents with the currently displayed help page so that you can see in which context the current help topic is located. Hover You probably know hover infos already from other applications: when the mouse hovers over a GUI element, a small pop-up window appears after a short delay that informs you of the purpose and function of the GUI element. Eclipse uses this technique as follows: . All buttons on the various toolbars are equipped with hover infos. . For files opened in the editor, you can display the full path information by hovering over the tag of the respective editor page. . All task and problem markers are equipped with hover infos. You can display the text associated with a particular marker by hovering over the marker, so you don t have to look up the marker in the Tasks window. . Finally, hover infos exist for source code as well. Just place the mouse over the type name String in our HelloWorld example. After a short delay you will see a hover info containing the Javadoc of class java.lang.String. Similarly, you will see the Javadoc for method java.io.PrintStream.println when you hover over the word println. Using this technique, you can quickly find out in which class a certain method is defined, instead of browsing up and down the class hierarchies. If you press the Ctrl key while hovering over source text, your hover info will show the item s source code instead of the Javadoc! If the information to be displayed in the pop-up window is too long, you may want to press F2. This will transfer the focus to the pop-up window and equip this window with scroll bars. Java Information Views Another possibility to display Javadoc information is the Javadoc View. You can open this view by invoking the function Window>Show View>Other…>Java>Javadoc. The view shows the Javadoc information belonging to the currently selected Java element in human-readable form in a separate scrollable window. I recommendend this view especially for classes containing complex Javadoc comments such as the class java.util.regex.Pattern! You can open another useful window with Window > Show View >Other > Java > Declaration; it shows the declaration of the currently selected Java element. The call hierarchy of a method can be shown in a separate window also. To do so, select the method name and then apply the context function Open Call Hierarchy. 27 Effective Programming with Eclipse
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. The User Preferences section (Web design portfolio) lists the active

Tuesday, October 9th, 2007

. The User Preferences section lists the active user preferences under which the platform is running. . The Update Manager Log section lists information about the tasks performed by the Update Manager, such as installing new features or checking existing configurations. . The last section, Error Log, is especially important. Here you find a protocol of all error events that occurred during the execution of the Eclipse platform. If you develop you own plug-ins, this section will prove especially useful. A more comfortable way to view these error messages, however, is with the Error Log View. You can open this view via Window > Show View > Other > PDE Runtime > Error Log. Physically, this error information is stored in the .metadata/.log file in the workspace directory. Help and Hover Eclipse features a classical help system that is activated on demand. In addition, Eclipse is equipped with a Hover Info that autonomously provides the user with explanations about screen items. Help At this stage I don t want to dig too deep into the Eclipse help system. You simply need to know that you can invoke Eclipse help via the Help > Help Contents menu item. Like many other programs, Eclipse uses a client-server solution for its help system. Under the cover, Tomcat works as the help server, and a standard or custom Web browser is used to display the help to the end user. In a vanilla Eclipse software development kit (SDK), you will find the following help chapters: 1. Workbench User Guide 2. Java Development User Guide 3. Platform Plug-in Developer Guide 4. JDT Plug-in Developer Guide 5. PDE Guide You can add more chapters by installing additional plug-ins. For chapters 1 7 of this book, the first two help chapters are the most relevant. For the remainder of this book, the help chapters 3 and 5 will also become important. Since Eclipse 2.0, the Eclipse help function has been equipped with a search function. With the Search Scope function you can restrict the search to specific chapters and sections in the help system. Intro View The Intro View is the first view you see when you start Eclipse. Initially it covers the whole workbench window, but as you continue it will shrink and take its position to the right of the Outline View. During operation the Intro View will explain the currently active workbench part and offer hyperlinks into the help system. You can manually invoke the Intro View via Help > Welcome. 26 Chapter 2
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Effective Programming with Eclipse (Com web hosting) Eclipse provides the Java

Monday, October 8th, 2007

Effective Programming with Eclipse Eclipse provides the Java programmer with a variety of productivity tools. In this chapter I will present some of these tools such as the various assistants for error correction and automatic code completion, the possibilities for code navigation and code refactoring, and the Local History that allows tracing back changes in the source code to earlier versions. Little Helpers Eclipse is equipped with a variety of useful helpers, which when used correctly can save a substantial amount of typing and also reduce the number of bugs in your programs. In this section I introduce most of these little helpers. System Information Under the Help > About Eclipse Platform menu item you will find some sections that may be important for your daily work. In particular, the Configuration Details button opens a text file that contains all essential information about the current configuration of the Eclipse platform: . The System Properties section contains information about the Java platform under which the Eclipse workbench is executing. In addition, it displays information about the host operating system. . The Features section lists the installed features. A feature usually consists of a set of plug-ins that work together to provide specific functionality. For example, the Java IDE is a feature. . The Plug-in Registry section lists all installed plug-ins separately. 2
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Make a web site - Eclipse shows the result in a pop-up window.

Sunday, October 7th, 2007

Eclipse shows the result in a pop-up window. You may insert it into the current scrapbook content by pressing Ctrl+Shift+D. You can easily remove it again by applying the Undo function (Ctrl+Z). A further function for executing selected expressions is Inspect. This function first appears in a pop-up window, but by pressing Ctrl+Shift+I you can move it to the separate Expressions View (see Figure 1.21) that opens automatically when needed. This function is particularly useful when the result of the executed expression is a complex object. In the Expressions window you can open the resultant object and analyze it in detail. 24 Chapter 1 Figure 1.21 The results shown here are displayed in a pop-up window after applying the Inspect function on the expression new java.util.ArrayList(3);. Summary After this first chapter you should be able to create, compile, and run simple Java program with Eclipse. You should now know how to install Eclipse, create projects, and launch programs. You have become acquainted with the most important preferences and should take some time now to browse through the remaining preferences. However, the purpose of some preferences may become clear only during the course of this book. Source code annotations such as tasks and problem markers are powerful concepts during the development of a software project. In Chapter 16 you will see that these concepts can be used to adopt a more natural programming style. Finally, the scrapbook encourages experimenting with Java so that you can try out new program constructs in isolation before integrating them into an application. In the next chapter I will introduce into the various productivity techniques found in Eclipse.
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Web design programs - Figure 1.20 The selected expression is executed with

Saturday, October 6th, 2007

Figure 1.20 The selected expression is executed with the help of the Execute context function. The scrapbook context function appears on the workbench s toolbar at the far right. It is not necessary to save the scrapbook page before executing the selected code. The selected code is compiled by the Execute function. In the case of a compilation or execution error, Eclipse shows the error message in a pop-up window. You may insert it into the current scrapbook content by pressing Ctrl+Shift+D. You can easily remove it again by applying the Undo function (Ctrl+Z). Execute is not the only function that you can use to run a Java expression. In cases where you want to know the result of an expression, it would be better to use the Display function. For example, executing the expression 6*7 with the Display function returns the result (int) 42 23 Introduction to Eclipse
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If you work in (Web hosting india) a team, you should

Friday, October 5th, 2007

If you work in a team, you should always create tasks that are important for other team member, too, in this way (as a comment in the source code) so the tasks can be exchanged as part of the source code. This task entry was created by the user. By clicking the status field you can mark the entry as completed. You can click the Delete button to delete one or several selected tasks. You can create task entries that are not related to specific locations with the New Entry button. For example, you could create a task called Don t Forget to Buy Milk! A function that was introduced with Eclipse 2.1 is even simpler. Just type a comment starting with one of the words TODO, FIXME, or XXX in a new line. This line will automatically appear in the Tasks window as soon as you save the source code. By the way, in Preferences > Java > Task Tags you may define alternative or additional tags such as TUNE, UGLY, etc. Of course, these workbench-wide definitions can be overridden at the project level. 22 Chapter 1 Bookmarks Eclipse also has a construct that is quite similar to tasks: bookmarks. In the same way that you created a task entry, you can also create a bookmark. Such a bookmark, however, does not appear in the Tasks view but appears in a separate Bookmark view. Since this view is not a standard part of the Java perspective, you first must open it. Select Window > Show View > Other > Basic > Bookmarks (see also the Arranging Editors and Views section in Chapter 4). Bookmarks should be used when you want to mark a specific position in the code but it is not related to a pending task. The Scrapbook Eclipse also inherited the Scrapbook from Visual Age. A scrapbook page is nothing other than a small file in which you can try out Java expressions or just jot down a new idea. You can create a new scrapbook page by invoking the function File > New > Other. In the wizard select Java > Java Run/Debug > Scrapbook Page. In the dialog that appears specify a name for the new page and, if necessary, the target folder. The result is the creation of a new empty scrapbook page in the target folder. Scrapbook pages have the file extension .jpage. Now, how do you use a scrapbook page? You simply type in arbitrary Java expressions. If you use external types in these expressions, you either have to qualify the type names fully or add import statements. The context function Set Imports allows you to add import statements for single types or whole packages. Then select the expressions that you want to execute and call the Execute context function with the right mouse button (see Figure 1.20).
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Here, in the Problems (Domain and web hosting) Filter, you may restrict

Thursday, October 4th, 2007

Here, in the Problems Filter, you may restrict the entries shown in the Problems view to specific types. For example, you may opt to show only Java problems. The entry types shown in this window depend on the installed plug-ins. In addition, you can restrict the entries by their origin. The On Any Resource option shows all problems and tasks from the whole workbench. On Any Resource in Same Project shows only problems from the current project. An interesting option is also the definition of a Working Set a freely configurable and named set of resources. Select On Any Resource in Same Project if you want to see only the tasks and problems of the project on which you are currently working. You also have the option of filtering problems according their severity. To do so, mark the Where Problem Severity Is check box and also the Error check box. By doing so you can suppress all warnings and information entries. General Tasks Task entries generated by the compiler are only a specific type of task entry. In addition, you have the option of creating entries manually. When writing code it often happens that you want to postpone a certain task to a later time. In this case, you can create a task entry that later reminds you of the unfinished work. Just click with the right mouse button on the left margin of the source editor at the line where you want to create the task marker. Select Add Task from the context menu. In the New Task dialog, enter a task description. The result could look like Figure 1.19. 21 Introduction to Eclipse Figure 1.19
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